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Northern Thai ((タイ語:ภาษาถิ่นพายัพ); ), Lan Na ((タイ語:ล้านนา)), or Kham Mueang (Northern Thai: , , Thai: คำเมือง (:kʰam˧ mɯːəŋ˧)) is the language of the Northern Thai people people of Lan Na, Thailand. It is a Tai language closely related to Thai and Lao. Northern Thai has approximately six million speakers, most of whom live in Thailand, with a few thousand in northwestern Laos. Speakers of this language generally consider the name "Thai Yuan" to be pejorative. They generally call themselves ''khon mueang'' (ฅนเมือง, (:xon˧ mɯːəŋ˧)), Lannathai, or Northern Thai. The language is generally known by one of these terms or as ''Phayap''. The term Yuan is still sometimes used for Northern Thai's distinctive Tai Tham alphabet, which is closely related to the old Tai Lue alphabet and the Lao religious alphabets. The use of the ''tua mueang'', as the traditional alphabet is known, is now largely limited to Buddhist temples, where many old sermon manuscripts are still in active use. There is no active production of literature in the traditional alphabet. The modern spoken form is called Kammuang. There is a resurgence of interest in writing it in the traditional way, but the modern pronunciation differs from that prescribed in spelling rules. Most linguists consider Northern Thai to be more closely related to Thai and the other Chiang Saeng languages than to Lao and the Lao–Phutai languages, but the distinction is never easy to make, as the languages form a continuum with few sharp dividing lines. == Names == The Northern Thai language has various names in Northern Thai, Thai, and other Tai languages. * In Northern Thai, it is commonly called ''kam mueang'' (, กำเมือง , literally "the city language"; cf. Standard Thai: คำเมือง ), or ''phasa lanna'' (, ภาษาล้านนา , literally "the language of Lanna"). * In Standard Thai, Northern Thai is known as ''phasa thin phayap'' (ภาษาถิ่นพายัพ , literally "the language of the northern region"), or ''phasa thai thin nuea'' (ภาษาไทยถิ่นเหนือ , literally "the Thai language of the northern region", or colloquially it is known as ''phasa nuea'' (ภาษาเหนือ , literally "the northern language"). * In Lao, it is known as ''phasa nyuan'' or ''phasa nyon'' ( or respectively, or respectively, literally "the Tai Yuan language"). * In Tai Lü, it is known as ''kam yon'' ( , literally "the Tai Yuan language"). * In Shan it is known as ''kwam yon'' ( , literally "the Tai Yuan language"). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Northern Thai language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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